Generalizability of findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the Leading General Medical Journals

Ref ID 175
First Author A. Malmivaara
Journal JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION MEDICINE
Year Of Publishing 2020
URL https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32103277/
Keywords • Pre-specification
• Equity
• Low reporting quality
• Multiplicity
• General medical
Problem(s) • Lack of prespecification in eligibility criteria
• Individual study characteristics not reported sufficiently
• Multiplicity of outcomes and lack of pre-specification for outcome reporting
• Ignores setting or context of included studies which limits review applicability
• Failure to consider equity, different socioeconomic groups or disadvantaged populations
Article Type Empirical
Article Subtype Cross-sectional survey/Methodological systematic review
First Author Country Finland
Aim To assess whether items relevant for the assessment of the generalizability of findings from randomized controlled trials were recorded in systematic reviews published in leading general medical journals from January 2016 to February 2019.
Level of Investigation Descriptive
Summary of Findings None of the 115 included systematic reviews published in leading general medical journals from 2016 to February 2019 assessed how patients were selected to the study; 35% reported relevant clinical features; 25% comorbid conditions; and 21% patients’ behavioural factors. Functioning, environmental factors, inequity-related factors; how interventions were carried out; how well the patients were followed-up; and the adequacy of statistical analyses were reported in only 0–9% of the systematic reviews. In conclusion, the reporting of study characteristics in the systematic reviews does not make it possible to assess how similar the different studies had been, or to which patients these study findings could be generalized.
Number of systematic reviews included 115
Number of eligible systematic reviews assessed 115
Treatment impacted No
Treatment impacted description
Interpretation impacted Not Applicable
Interpretation impacted description