Susceptibility to fraud in systematic reviews: lessons from the Reuben case

Ref ID 38
First Author E. Marret
Journal ANESTHESIOLOGY
Year Of Publishing 2009
URL https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19934873/
Keywords • Misconduct
• Retraction
• Pain
• Surgery
Problem(s) • Perpetuates citation of poor quality primary study data
Article Type Empirical
Article Subtype Meta-epidemiological analysis
First Author Country Switzerland
Aim To assess the impact of inclusion of falsified trials by Dr Scott Reuben on the conclusions of systematic reviews citing Reuben reports.
Level of Investigation Descriptive
Summary of Findings From 25 systematic reviews that included falsified data. One of 6 quantitative reviews which included Reuben reports would have reached different conclusions without Reuben reports. In all 6 (30 subgroup analyses involving Reuben reports), exclusion of Reuben reports never made any difference when the number of patients from Reuben reports was less than 30% of all patients included in the analysis. Of 8 qualitative reviews which included Reuben reports, all authors agreed that one would certainly have reached different conclusions without Reuben reports. For another 4, the authors’ judgment was not unanimous.
Number of systematic reviews included 25
Number of eligible systematic reviews assessed 28
Treatment impacted Yes
Treatment impacted description
Interpretation impacted Yes
Interpretation impacted description From 25 systematic reviews that included falsified data, one of 6 quantitative reviews which included Reuben reports would have reached different conclusions without Reuben reports. In all 6 (30 subgroup analyses involving Reuben reports), exclusion of Reuben reports never made any difference when the number of patients from Reuben reports was less than 30% of all patients included in the analysis. Of 8 qualitative reviews which included Reuben reports, all authors agreed that one would certainly have reached different conclusions without Reuben reports. For another 4, the authors’ judgment was not unanimous.