Availability of large-scale evidence on specific harms from systematic reviews of randomized trials

Ref ID 651
First Author P. N. Papanikolaou
Journal THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
Year Of Publishing 2004
URL https://www.amjmed.com/article/S0002-9343(04)00494-2/fulltext
Keywords • Cochrane
• Harms
• Open data
Problem(s) • Selective reporting of harms / safety / adverse events / side effects
• Reliance on randomised controlled trials for harms / safety data
• Weaknesses identified in some Cochrane reviews
Article Type Empirical
Article Subtype Cross-sectional survey/Methodological systematic review
First Author Country United States
Aim To look at how comprehensively Cochrane reviews documented adverse events from primary included trials
Level of Investigation Descriptive
Summary of Findings Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials rarely provide large-scale evidence on specific, well-defined adverse events associated with the tested interventions. Only 25 systematic reviews in the entire Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews contained such evidence on at least one type of harm.
Number of systematic reviews included 138
Number of eligible systematic reviews assessed 1727
Treatment impacted Yes
Treatment impacted description
Interpretation impacted Yes
Interpretation impacted description In 29% (9/31) of a sample of large trials in reviews with poor reporting of harms, specific harms were presented adequately in the trial reports but were not included in the systematic reviews.