No registered or published protocol

This problem is addressed in PRISMA 2009, PRISMA 2020, AMSTAR 1, AMSTAR 2 and MECIR. Systematic reviews should register their review question and document their proposed methods before commencing the review. Ideally this would be done using systematic review registries such as PROSPERO, the Open Science Framework, or protocols.io. There is a dedicated PRISMA extension for reporting in systematic review protocols.

Articles that support this problem:

Tai Chi and Parkinson's disease (PD): A systematic overview of the scientific quality of the past systematic reviews

2019 : Complementary therapies in medicine

Methodological quality and reporting of systematic reviews in hand and wrist pathology

2017 : Journal of hand surgery (european volume)

The methodological quality of systematic reviews on the treatment of adult major depression needs improvement according to AMSTAR 2: A cross-sectional study

2020 : Heliyon

Quality of reporting of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of surgical randomized clinical trials

2020 : Bjs open

Journal impact factor is associated with PRISMA endorsement, but not with the methodological quality of low back pain systematic reviews: a methodological review

2020 : European spine journal

A low proportion of systematic reviews in physical therapy are registered: a survey of 150 published systematic reviews

2018 : Brazilian journal of physical therapy

Overall confidence in the results of systematic reviews on exercise therapy for chronic low back pain: a cross-sectional analysis using the Assessing the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 tool

2020 : Brazilian journal of physical therapy

An AMSTAR assessment of the methodological quality of systematic reviews of oral healthcare interventions published in the Journal of Applied Oral Science (JAOS)

2011 : Journal of applied oral science

The landscape of systematic reviews in urology (1998 to 2015): an assessment of methodological quality

2017 : Bju international

The currency, completeness and quality of systematic reviews of acute management of moderate to severe traumatic brain injury: A comprehensive evidence map

2018 : Plos one [electronic resource]

Variable methodological quality and use found in systematic reviews referenced in STEMI clinical practice guidelines

2017 : The american journal of emergency medicine

Risk of Bias and Quality of Reporting in Colon and Rectal Cancer Systematic Reviews Cited by National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines

2020 : Journal of general internal medicine

Methodological quality, completeness of reporting and use of systematic reviews as evidence in clinical practice guidelines for paediatric overweight and obesity

2017 : Clinical obesity

Low Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews Published in the Urological Literature (2016-2018)

2020 : Urology

Epidemiology and Reporting Characteristics of Systematic Reviews of Biomedical Research: A Cross-Sectional Study

2016 : Plos medicine

Systematic reviews in burns care: poor quality and getting worse

2017 : Journal of burn care & research

Are orthodontic systematic reviews registered a priori in PROSPERO?

2017 : Journal of orthodontics

Compliance of systematic reviews in plastic surgery with the PRISMA statement

2016 : Jama facial plastic surgery

A critical evaluation of systematic reviews assessing the effect of chronic physical activity on academic achievement, cognition and the brain in children and adolescents: a systematic review

2020 : International journal of behavioral nutrition & physical activity

Prostate Artery Embolisation: Poor Design and Reporting Impact the Value of Current Systematic Reviews

2018 : European urology

Quality assessment of systematic reviews regarding the effectiveness of zygomatic implants: an overview of systematic reviews

2020 : Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal

Quality assessment of systematic reviews regarding immediate placement of dental implants into infected sites: An overview

2017 : Journal of prosthetic dentistry

Evaluating the quality of conduct of systematic reviews on the application of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for aphasia rehabilitation post-stroke

2020 : Aphasiology

Quality of systematic reviews of the Foods with Function Claims registered at the Consumer Affairs Agency Web site in Japan: a prospective systematic review

2017 : Nutrition research

The effectiveness of mandibular advancement devices in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea in adults: a methodological quality assessment of systematic reviews

2020 : European journal of orthodontics

Reporting quality of systematic reviews of interventions aimed at improving vaccination coverage: compliance with PRISMA guidelines

2019 : Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics

Synthesizing and Appraising the Quality of the Evidence on Factors Associated with Medication Adherence in Diabetes: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews

2017 : Value in health regional issues

An observational study found large methodological heterogeneity in systematic reviews addressing prevalence and cumulative incidence

2020 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Reporting and methodological quality of systematic reviews in the orthopaedic literature

2013 : Jbjs

Majority of systematic reviews published in high-impact journals neglected to register the protocols: a meta-epidemiological study

2017 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Registration in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) of systematic review protocols was associated with increased review quality

2018 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

How are systematic reviews of prevalence conducted? A methodological study

2020 : Bmc medical research methodology

Non-communicable diseases research output in the Eastern Mediterranean region: an overview of systematic reviews

2020 : Bmc medical research methodology

Systematic reviews supporting practice guideline recommendations lack protection against bias

2013 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Association between prospective registration and overall reporting and methodological quality of systematic reviews: a meta-epidemiological study

2018 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Methodological quality of systematic reviews on interventions for osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study

2020 : Therapeutic advances in musculoskeletal disease

Methodological and reporting quality evaluation of systematic reviews on acupuncture in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review

2018 : Complementary therapies in clinical practice

Epidemiology, quality, and reporting characteristics of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of nursing interventions published in Chinese journals

2015 : Nursing outlook

Methodological quality of systematic reviews in subfertility: a comparison of Cochrane and non-Cochrane systematic reviews in assisted reproductive technologies

2012 : Human reproduction

Quality Assessment of Systematic Review of the Bariatric Surgery for Diabetes Mellitus

2019 : Journal of diabetes research

DPP-4 inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a methodology overview of systematic reviews

2019 : Acta diabetologica

Systematic review adherence to methodological or reporting quality

2017 : Systematic reviews

Completeness of reporting of systematic reviews of diagnostic test accuracy based on the PRISMA-DTA reporting guideline

2019 : Clinical chemistry

Methodological quality and redundancy of systematic reviews that compare endarterectomy versus stenting for carotid stenosis

2019 : Bmj evidence-based medicine

Epidemiology, quality and reporting characteristics of systematic reviews of traditional Chinese medicine interventions published in Chinese journals

2011 : Plos one

An evaluation of epidemiological and reporting characteristics of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) systematic reviews (SRs)

2013 : Plos one

Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of primary hypertension: a methodology overview of systematic reviews

2016 : Systematic reviews

The quality check of a systematic review on the quality of randomized controlled trials from Saudi Arabia

2019 : Contemporary clinical trials communications

Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis on Asthma Treatments. A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 : Annals of the american thoracic society

Methodological Assessment in a Systematic Review for Anal Human Papillomavirus among Men

2019 : Journal of infectious diseases

Quality Assessment of Systematic Reviews of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Surgical Treatment Outcomes

2020 : Journal of contemporary dental practice

Not all systematic reviews are created equal

2018 : Canadian journal of occupational therapy

A systematic survey shows that reporting and handling of missing outcome data in networks of interventions is poor

2018 : Bmc medical research methodology

Methods to select results to include in meta-analyses deserve more consideration in systematic reviews

2015 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

A systematic survey showed important limitations in the methods for assessing drug safety among systematic reviews

2020 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Systematic reviews with published protocols compared to those without: more effort, older search

2018 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Risk of bias assessment of systematic reviews regarding dental implant placement in smokers: An umbrella systematic review

2018 : Journal of prosthetic dentistry

Methodologic Assessment of the Systematic Reviews of Ophthalmic Adverse Drug Reactions Published in Ophthalmology Journals: A Systematic Review

2018 : Ophthalmic research

The Reporting Quality of Systematic Reviews in Japanese Physical Therapy Journals

2020 : Progress in rehabilitation medicine

Comparison of methodological quality rating of systematic reviews on neuropathic pain using AMSTAR and R-AMSTAR

2018 : Bmc med res methodol

Survey of the reporting characteristics of systematic reviews in rehabilitation

2013 : Physical therapy

Appraising the Quality of Systematic Reviews for Age-Related Macular Degeneration Interventions: A Systematic Review

2018 : Jama ophthalmology

Methodological quality of systematic reviews on treatments for depression: a cross-sectional study

2018 : Epidemiology & psychiatric science

Letter to the Editor regarding, "The prognostic role of PD-L1 expression for survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis"

2019 : Oral oncology

Quality, methods, and recommendations of systematic reviews on measures of evidence-based practice: an umbrella review

2022 : Jbi evidence synthesis

Methodological quality was critically low in 9/10 systematic reviews in advanced cancer patients-A methodological study

2021 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

The methodological quality and clinical applicability of meta-analyses on probiotics in 2020: A cross-sectional study

2021 : Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy

Issues in reporting of systematic review methods in health app-focused reviews: A scoping review

2020 : Health informatics journal

Association Between Prospective Registration and Quality of Systematic Reviews in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-epidemiological Study

2021 : Frontiers in medicine

Methodological issues in designing and reporting of systematic reviews in assessing association between vitamin D supplementation and COVID-19 severity

2023 : Qjm

Photodynamic therapy for root canal disinfection in endodontics: an umbrella review

2022 : Lasers in medical science

Injury Prevention Programmes in Male Soccer Players: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews

2022 : Journal of men's health

Clinical performance of and patient satisfaction with conventional complete dentures with different occlusal schemes: A systematic review of systematic reviews

2022 : Journal of prosthetic dentistry

Mind-body practices for cancer-related symptoms management: an overview of systematic reviews including one hundred twenty-nine meta-analyses

2022 : Supportive care in cancer

Therapies for sleep bruxism in dentistry: A critical evaluation of systematic reviews

2022 : Dental & medical problems

Systematic reviews on the success of dental implants present low spin of information but may be better reported and interpreted: An overview of systematic reviews with meta-analysis

2022 : Clinical implant dentistry & related research

How is the quality of the available evidence on molar-incisor hypomineralization treatment? An overview of systematic reviews

2022 : Clinical oral investigations

Adherence to the PRISMA statement and its association with risk of bias in systematic reviews published in rehabilitation journals: A meta-research study

2022 : Brazilian journal of physical therapy

Harms reporting by systematic reviews for functional endoscopic sinus surgery: a cross-sectional analysis

2023 : European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology

Prevalence and methodological quality of systematic reviews in Korean medical journals

2023 : Epidemiology and health

Striving for Happily Ever After: Supportive Interventions for Youth Leaving Residential Placement. A Systematic Review of Reviews

2022 : Child & adolescent mental health

Evidence Mapping Based on Systematic Reviews of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Neuropathic Pain

2023 : Neural plasticity

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. Preparations for Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Overview of Systematic Reviews

2022 : Evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine: ecam

Chinese patent medicine Kanglaite injection for non-small-cell lung cancer: An overview of systematic reviews

2023 : Journal of ethnopharmacology

An umbrella review of systematic reviews on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cancer prevention and management, and patient needs

2023 : Elife

An overview of the characteristics and methodological standards across systematic reviews with Meta-analysis of efficacy/effectiveness of influenza antiviral drugs

2022 : Current medical research & opinion

Characteristics and methodological standards across systematic reviews with Meta-analysis of efficacy and/or effectiveness of influenza vaccines: an overview of reviews

2022 : Infectious diseases

Critical appraisal of systematic reviews of intervention in dentistry published between 2019-2020 using the AMSTAR 2 tool

2022 : Evidence based dentistry

Examining the state, quality and strength of the evidence in the research on built environments and physical activity among adults: An overview of reviews from high income countries

2022 : Health & place

Trends in systematic reviews of kidney transplantation: A 10-year analysis of the evidence base

2023 : Transplantation reviews

Prevention of demineralization during multi-bracketed fixed orthodontic treatment: An overview of systematic reviews

2022 : International journal of paediatric dentistry

Three out of four published systematic reviews on COVID-19 treatments were not registered and one-third of those registered were published: a meta-research study

2022 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Prescription drug monitoring programs evaluation: A systematic review of reviews

2023 : Drug & alcohol dependence

Systematic reviews of convalescent plasma in COVID-19 continue to be poorly conducted and reported: a systematic review

2022 : Journal of clinical epidemiology

Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for polycystic ovary syndrome: An overview of systematic reviews

2023 : The journal of integrative medicine

Methodological quality of systematic reviews on treatments for Alzheimer's disease: a cross-sectional study

2022 : Alzheimer's research & therapy

Letter to the Editor concerning "the influence of cognitive behavioral therapy on lumbar spine surgery outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis" by Parish JM, et al. (Eur Spine J [2021]; 30(5):1365-1379)

2022 : European spine journal

Effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions to prevent adverse events in the intensive care unit: A review of systematic reviews

2022 : Australian critical care

Changing patterns in reporting and sharing of review data in systematic reviews with meta-analysis of the effects of interventions: cross sectional meta-research study

2022 : Bmj

Acupuncture and Related Therapies for Chronic Urticaria: A Critical Overview of Systematic Reviews

2022 : Evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine: ecam

Mind-body exercises for osteoarthritis: an overview of systematic reviews including 32 meta-analyses

2023 : Disability & rehabilitation

Is the quality of systematic reviews influenced by prospective registration: a methods review of systematic musculoskeletal physical therapy reviews

2022 : Journal of manual & manipulative therapy

Assessment of Duplicate Evidence in Systematic Reviews of Imaging Findings of Children with COVID-19

2021 : Jama network open

A Cross-Sectional Study Based on Forty Systematic Reviews of Foods with Function Claims (FFC) in Japan: Quality Assessment Using AMSTAR 2

2023 : Nutrients

Determining the Completeness of Registration and Reporting in Systematic Reviews of Yoga for Health

2023 : Journal of integrative and complementary medicine

Quality of systematic reviews supporting the 2017 ACC/AHA and 2018 ESC/ESH guidelines for the management of hypertension

2022 : Bmj evidence-based medicine